See vindication on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "counter-vindication"
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"word": "nonvindication"
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"word": "revindication"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "vindicat."
}
],
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"4": "*deyḱ-"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "vendicacion"
},
"expansion": "Middle English vendicacion",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vindication",
"t": "revenge, vengeance"
},
"expansion": "Old French vindication (“revenge, vengeance”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "vindication"
},
"expansion": "French vindication",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la-med",
"3": "vendicātio"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin vendicātio",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "vindicātiō",
"t": "avenging; defence, protection, vindication; punishment; etc."
},
"expansion": "Latin vindicātiō (“avenging; defence, protection, vindication; punishment; etc.”)",
"name": "der"
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"args": {
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"expansion": "suffix",
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"expansion": "noun",
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"args": {
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"expansion": "verb",
"name": "lg"
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"expansion": "conjugation",
"name": "lg"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "accusative",
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"expansion": "singular",
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{
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*weyh₁-",
"t": "to chase, pursue; to persecute; to suppress"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue; to persecute; to suppress”)",
"name": "der"
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"expansion": "present",
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"expansion": "infinitive",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*deyḱ-",
"t": "to point out, show"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to point out, show”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "vindicate",
"3": "-ion",
"pos2": "suffix denoting an action or process, or its result"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, vindicate + -ion (suffix denoting an action or process, or its result)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English vendicacion, vyndicacion, vyndycacion (“assertion of a claim”), from Old French vindication (“revenge, vengeance”) (modern dialectal French vindication), or from Medieval Latin vendicātio, both from Latin vindicātiō (“avenging; defence, protection, vindication; punishment; etc.”), from vindicō (“to avenge; to take revenge on; to protect from; etc.”) + -tiō (suffix forming nouns from verbs, denoting processes, actions, or results of actions). Vindicō is derived from vindex (“claimant, vindicator; defender, protector”) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs); and vindex from vim (the accusative singular form of vīs (“force; power, strength; etc.”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue; to persecute; to suppress”)) + dīcere (the present active infinitive of dīcō (“to declare, state; to refer to; to say, talk; etc.”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to point out, show”)). By surface analysis, vindicate + -ion (suffix denoting an action or process, or its result).",
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"tags": [
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}
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"parts": [
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"dic",
"at",
"ion"
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vindicate"
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vindicatorily"
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"ref": "1874, J[ohn] R[ichard] Green, “Puritan England”, in A Short History of the English People, London: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, section III (The King and the Parliament. 1623–1629.), pages 489–490:",
"text": "[T]he loud \"Aye, Aye\" of the bulk of the members [of Parliament] supported [John] Eliot in his last vindication of English liberty.",
"type": "quotation"
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"An act of asserting or maintaining; an assertion."
],
"id": "en-vindication-en-noun-hk9XYRjQ",
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"(countable) An act of asserting or maintaining; an assertion."
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"ref": "1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, book X, in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], volume III, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the [Sheldonian] Theater, page 34:",
"text": "The Soldiers publiſh'd a vindication, as they call'd it, of their Proceedings and Reſolutions, and directed it to their General; in vvhich they complain'd of a deſign to disband, and nevv model the Army; […] This Apology, or Vindication, being ſign'd by many inferior Officers, the Parliament declared them to be Enemies of the State; and cauſed ſome of them vvho talked loudeſt, to be impriſon'd.",
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"ref": "1844 January–December, Leigh Hunt, “Return to Sicily and Mount Ætna”, in A Jar of Honey from Mount Hybla, London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], published 1848, →OCLC, page 134:",
"text": "The great vindication of evil is, that (constituted as we are) we could not know so much joy, nor manifest so much virtue without it; and certainly, in instances like these, it fetches out, under circumstances of the extremest weakness, the most beautiful strength of the human heart.",
"type": "quotation"
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"glosses": [
"An argument, fact, piece of evidence, etc., which vindicates (“clears someone of an accusation or suspicion; justifies a belief or claim by providing evidence or proof”)."
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"(countable) An argument, fact, piece of evidence, etc., which vindicates (“clears someone of an accusation or suspicion; justifies a belief or claim by providing evidence or proof”)."
],
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"translations": [
{
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"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "argument, fact, piece of evidence, etc., which vindicates",
"word": "vapauttava peruste"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 59 8 11 8 10 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "argument, fact, piece of evidence, etc., which vindicates",
"word": "vapauttava todiste"
},
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"_dis1": "4 59 8 11 8 10 1",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "pramāṇ",
"sense": "argument, fact, piece of evidence, etc., which vindicates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "प्रमाण"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "nonvindication"
}
],
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"ref": "1705, J[oseph] Addison, “Pavia, Milan, &c.”, in Remarks on Several Parts of Italy, &c. in the Years 1701, 1702, 1703, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 37:",
"text": "Among its [Milan's] Natural Curioſities I took particular notice of a Piece of Crystal, that enclos'd a couple of Drops, vvhich look'd like VVater vvhen they vvere ſhaken, tho' perhaps they are nothing but Bubbles of Air. […] The Famous Pere [Jean] Mabillon is novv engag'd in the Vindication of this Tear, vvhich a learned Eccleſiaſtic, in the Neighbourhood of Vendome, vvould have ſuppreſs'd, as a Falſe and ridiculous Relick, […]",
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"ref": "1709 July 19 (Gregorian calendar), Isaac Bickerstaff [et al., pseudonyms; Richard Steele], “Friday, July 9, 1709”, in The Tatler, number 39; republished in [Richard Steele], editor, The Tatler, […], London stereotype edition, volume I, London: I. Walker and Co.; […], 1822, →OCLC, page 238:",
"text": "These are the reasons which I have gathered from philosophy and nature; to which I can add other circumstances in vindication of the account of this learned body who publish this almanack.",
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"ref": "1837, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter XI, in Ernest Maltravers […] , volume I, London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, book I, page 111:",
"text": "[H]e was satisfied that Alice yet lived; he hoped she might yet escape and return. […] He enriched Mrs. Jones for life, in gratitude for her vindication of his lost and early love: he promised the amplest rewards for the smallest clue.",
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"ref": "1870 April–September, Charles Dickens, “More Confidences than One”, in The Mystery of Edwin Drood, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1870, →OCLC, page 44:",
"text": "\"There, Jack, you hear! You would be afraid of him, under similar circumstances, wouldn't you, Miss Landless?\" / \"Not under any circumstances,\" returned Helena. / Jasper brought down his hands, looked over his shoulder, and begged to thank Miss Landless for her vindication of his character.",
"type": "quotation"
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],
"glosses": [
"The action of vindicating; also, the state of being vindicated."
],
"id": "en-vindication-en-noun-tDpnrwez",
"links": [
[
"action",
"action#Noun"
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"state#Noun"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The action of vindicating; also, the state of being vindicated."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "absolution"
},
{
"word": "avowance"
},
{
"word": "exculpation"
},
{
"word": "exoneration"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "absolution"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "acquittance"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "acquitment"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "acquittal"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "assoilment"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "compurgation"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "disculpation"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "exculpation"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "exoneration"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "not guilty"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "quittance"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "vindication"
}
],
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "tazkiya",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "تَزْكِيَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "ardaracʻum",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "արդարացում"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dokazatelstvo",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "доказателство"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "osnovanie",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "основание"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "zastǎpvane",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "застъпване"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "zaštita",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "защита"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reivindicació"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "biànhù",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "辯護 /辩护"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "oprejsning"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bewijs"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rechtvaardiging"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "apologio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "epäilyksistä vapautuminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "justification"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "vindiḳacia",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "ვინდიკაცია"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "dasabuteba",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "დასაბუთება"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "gamartleba",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "გამართლება"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "mṭḳicebuleba",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "მტკიცებულება"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "reabiliṭacia",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "რეაბილიტაცია"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "Beweis"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "Eintreten"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Entlastung"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Nachweis"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rechtfertigung"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rehabilitation"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"word": "Rehabilitierung"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verteidigung"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "dikaíosi",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "δικαίωση"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uppreisn æru"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vendicazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rivendicazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"alt": "りっしょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "risshō",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "立証"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"alt": "しじ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "shiji",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "支持"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"alt": "しょうこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "shōko",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "証拠"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"alt": "ようご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "yōgo",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "擁護"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "ongho",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "옹호"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vindicatio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vindicta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine",
"vulgar"
],
"word": "revendicatio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "expūrgātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prōpugnātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coadey"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "whakaharakoretanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pomsta"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "usprawiedliwienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "uzasadnienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zadośćuczynienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vindicação"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reivindicação"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "justificação"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "dokazátelʹstvo",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "доказа́тельство"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vindikácija",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "виндика́ция"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "obosnovánije",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "обоснова́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ru",
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"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "opravdánije",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "оправда́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "reabilitácija",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "реабилита́ция"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
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"feminine"
],
"word": "виндика́ција"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
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"feminine"
],
"word": "vindikácija"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vindicación"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "justificación"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "återupprättelse"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "doğrulama"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "kanıtlama"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "teyit"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "reabilitácija",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "реабіліта́ція"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "výpravdannja",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ви́правдання"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 58 6 15 16 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfiawnhad"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 57 8 13 15 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "state of being vindicated",
"word": "epäilyksistä vapautuminen"
}
]
},
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"text": "Coordinate term: condiction"
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102,
114
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"ref": "1880, “Commentarivs Qvartvs [Fourth Comment]”, in James Muirhead, transl., The Institutes of Gaius and Rules of Ulpian. […], Edinburgh: T[homas] & T[homas] Clark, […], →OCLC, page 268:",
"text": "[T]here also lies against them the action whereby we claim a thing as ours. Actions in rem are called vindications; while those in which we contend that something ought to be given to or done for us are called condictions.",
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"type": "quotation"
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[
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[
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[
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"declaration"
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[
"owner",
"owner"
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[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"holder",
"holder"
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[
"right",
"right#Noun"
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[
"in rem",
"in rem"
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"(countable, Ancient Rome, law, historical) A legal claim for a declaration that one is the owner of a thing or the holder of a right; an action in rem."
],
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"sense": "legal claim for a declaration that one is the owner of a thing or the holder of a right",
"word": "vindikaatio"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 4 2 89 1 1 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "legal claim for a declaration that one is the owner of a thing or the holder of a right",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vendication"
}
]
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"text": "[P]ublick Vindication of Injuries is not only lavvful, but neceſſary; […] For, vvithout this there vvould be no living, and Human Society could never ſtand. But as to private Vindication of Injuries, that vvhich vve more eſpecially call Revenge, this I ſhall readily allovv to be utterly unlavvful, […]",
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"text": "[T]he peoples affection binding it ſelfe to their redeemer; beſides a neceſſity to keepe them vnited vnto him by the meanes of ſo abhorred a neighbour, from vvhom their vindication, into liberty, muſt bee maintained by their ovvne conſtancy: […]",
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"text": "[T]hings carried ſo farre on in a vvrong vvay, muſt needs either inſlave themſelves and poſterity for ever, or require a vindication ſo ſharpe and ſmarting, as that the Nation vvould groane under it; […]",
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]
},
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]
},
{
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{
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{
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{
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}
],
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],
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"text": "The Soldiers publiſh'd a vindication, as they call'd it, of their Proceedings and Reſolutions, and directed it to their General; in vvhich they complain'd of a deſign to disband, and nevv model the Army; […] This Apology, or Vindication, being ſign'd by many inferior Officers, the Parliament declared them to be Enemies of the State; and cauſed ſome of them vvho talked loudeſt, to be impriſon'd.",
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"text": "The great vindication of evil is, that (constituted as we are) we could not know so much joy, nor manifest so much virtue without it; and certainly, in instances like these, it fetches out, under circumstances of the extremest weakness, the most beautiful strength of the human heart.",
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}
],
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],
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],
[
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],
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]
},
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],
"ref": "1705, J[oseph] Addison, “Pavia, Milan, &c.”, in Remarks on Several Parts of Italy, &c. in the Years 1701, 1702, 1703, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 37:",
"text": "Among its [Milan's] Natural Curioſities I took particular notice of a Piece of Crystal, that enclos'd a couple of Drops, vvhich look'd like VVater vvhen they vvere ſhaken, tho' perhaps they are nothing but Bubbles of Air. […] The Famous Pere [Jean] Mabillon is novv engag'd in the Vindication of this Tear, vvhich a learned Eccleſiaſtic, in the Neighbourhood of Vendome, vvould have ſuppreſs'd, as a Falſe and ridiculous Relick, […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
114,
125
]
],
"ref": "1709 July 19 (Gregorian calendar), Isaac Bickerstaff [et al., pseudonyms; Richard Steele], “Friday, July 9, 1709”, in The Tatler, number 39; republished in [Richard Steele], editor, The Tatler, […], London stereotype edition, volume I, London: I. Walker and Co.; […], 1822, →OCLC, page 238:",
"text": "These are the reasons which I have gathered from philosophy and nature; to which I can add other circumstances in vindication of the account of this learned body who publish this almanack.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
141,
152
]
],
"ref": "1837, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter XI, in Ernest Maltravers […] , volume I, London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, book I, page 111:",
"text": "[H]e was satisfied that Alice yet lived; he hoped she might yet escape and return. […] He enriched Mrs. Jones for life, in gratitude for her vindication of his lost and early love: he promised the amplest rewards for the smallest clue.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
262,
273
]
],
"ref": "1870 April–September, Charles Dickens, “More Confidences than One”, in The Mystery of Edwin Drood, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1870, →OCLC, page 44:",
"text": "\"There, Jack, you hear! You would be afraid of him, under similar circumstances, wouldn't you, Miss Landless?\" / \"Not under any circumstances,\" returned Helena. / Jasper brought down his hands, looked over his shoulder, and begged to thank Miss Landless for her vindication of his character.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The action of vindicating; also, the state of being vindicated."
],
"links": [
[
"action",
"action#Noun"
],
[
"state",
"state#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The action of vindicating; also, the state of being vindicated."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "absolution"
},
{
"word": "avowance"
},
{
"word": "exculpation"
},
{
"word": "exoneration"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "absolution"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "acquittance"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "acquitment"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "acquittal"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "assoilment"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "compurgation"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "disculpation"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "exculpation"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "exoneration"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "not guilty"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "quittance"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:acquittal",
"word": "vindication"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Ancient Rome",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: condiction"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
102,
114
]
],
"english": "Fourth Comment",
"ref": "1880, “Commentarivs Qvartvs [Fourth Comment]”, in James Muirhead, transl., The Institutes of Gaius and Rules of Ulpian. […], Edinburgh: T[homas] & T[homas] Clark, […], →OCLC, page 268:",
"text": "[T]here also lies against them the action whereby we claim a thing as ours. Actions in rem are called vindications; while those in which we contend that something ought to be given to or done for us are called condictions.",
"translation": "Fourth Comment",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A legal claim for a declaration that one is the owner of a thing or the holder of a right; an action in rem."
],
"links": [
[
"Ancient Rome",
"Ancient Rome"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"legal",
"legal#Adjective"
],
[
"declaration",
"declaration"
],
[
"owner",
"owner"
],
[
"thing",
"thing"
],
[
"holder",
"holder"
],
[
"right",
"right#Noun"
],
[
"in rem",
"in rem"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, Ancient Rome, law, historical) A legal claim for a declaration that one is the owner of a thing or the holder of a right; an action in rem."
],
"tags": [
"Ancient-Rome",
"countable",
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
21
],
[
175,
186
]
],
"ref": "1690, John Norris, “Christian Blessedness: Or, Discourses upon the Beatitudes. [Discourse the Third. Matth[ew] V. ver[se] v.]”, in Practical Discourses upon the Beatitudes of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. […], 4th edition, volume I, London: […] S. Manship […], published 1699, →OCLC, page 64:",
"text": "[P]ublick Vindication of Injuries is not only lavvful, but neceſſary; […] For, vvithout this there vvould be no living, and Human Society could never ſtand. But as to private Vindication of Injuries, that vvhich vve more eſpecially call Revenge, this I ſhall readily allovv to be utterly unlavvful, […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The action of avenging or taking revenge."
],
"links": [
[
"avenging",
"avenge"
],
[
"taking",
"take#Verb"
],
[
"revenge",
"revenge#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, obsolete)",
"The action of avenging or taking revenge."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
169,
180
]
],
"ref": "1613, Antony Sherley [i.e., Anthony Shirley], Sir Antony Sherley His Relation of His Travels into Persia. […], London: […] [Nicholas Okes and Melchisidec Bradwood] for Nathaniell Butter, and Ioseph Bagfet, →OCLC, page 7:",
"text": "[T]he peoples affection binding it ſelfe to their redeemer; beſides a neceſſity to keepe them vnited vnto him by the meanes of ſo abhorred a neighbour, from vvhom their vindication, into liberty, muſt bee maintained by their ovvne conſtancy: […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The action of setting free; deliverance."
],
"links": [
[
"setting free",
"set free"
],
[
"deliverance",
"deliverance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, obsolete)",
"(rare) The action of setting free; deliverance."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
121,
132
]
],
"ref": "1647, Thomas May, “A Briefe Relation of Some Grievances of the Kingdome. The Various Opinions of Men Concerning the Present Government. The Condition of the Court and Clergy of England. Some Observations of a Stranger, Concerning the Religion of the English People.”, in The History of the Parliament of England: Which Began November the Third, M. DC. XL. […], London: […] Moses Bell, for George Thomason, […], →OCLC, page 17:",
"text": "[T]hings carried ſo farre on in a vvrong vvay, muſt needs either inſlave themſelves and poſterity for ever, or require a vindication ſo ſharpe and ſmarting, as that the Nation vvould groane under it; […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Punishment, retribution."
],
"links": [
[
"Punishment",
"punishment"
],
[
"retribution",
"retribution"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, obsolete)",
"(rare) Punishment, retribution."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌvɪndɪˈkeɪʃn̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vindication.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vindication.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vindication.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌvɪndəˈkeɪʃən/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "argument, fact, piece of evidence, etc., which vindicates",
"word": "vapauttava peruste"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "argument, fact, piece of evidence, etc., which vindicates",
"word": "vapauttava todiste"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"roman": "pramāṇ",
"sense": "argument, fact, piece of evidence, etc., which vindicates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "प्रमाण"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "tazkiya",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "تَزْكِيَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "ardaracʻum",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "արդարացում"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dokazatelstvo",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "доказателство"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "osnovanie",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "основание"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "zastǎpvane",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "застъпване"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "zaštita",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "защита"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reivindicació"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "biànhù",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "辯護 /辩护"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "oprejsning"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bewijs"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rechtvaardiging"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "apologio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "epäilyksistä vapautuminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "justification"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "vindiḳacia",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "ვინდიკაცია"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "dasabuteba",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "დასაბუთება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "gamartleba",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "გამართლება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "mṭḳicebuleba",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "მტკიცებულება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "reabiliṭacia",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "რეაბილიტაცია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Beweis"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Eintreten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Entlastung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Nachweis"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rechtfertigung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rehabilitation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"word": "Rehabilitierung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Verteidigung"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "dikaíosi",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "δικαίωση"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "uppreisn æru"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vendicazione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rivendicazione"
},
{
"alt": "りっしょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "risshō",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "立証"
},
{
"alt": "しじ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "shiji",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "支持"
},
{
"alt": "しょうこ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "shōko",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "証拠"
},
{
"alt": "ようご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "yōgo",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "擁護"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "ongho",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "옹호"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vindicatio"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vindicta"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine",
"vulgar"
],
"word": "revendicatio"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "expūrgātiō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prōpugnātiō"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coadey"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "whakaharakoretanga"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pomsta"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "usprawiedliwienie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "uzasadnienie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zadośćuczynienie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vindicação"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reivindicação"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "justificação"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "dokazátelʹstvo",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "доказа́тельство"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "vindikácija",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "виндика́ция"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "obosnovánije",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "обоснова́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "opravdánije",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "оправда́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "reabilitácija",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "реабилита́ция"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "виндика́ција"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"feminine"
],
"word": "vindikácija"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vindicación"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "justificación"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "återupprättelse"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "doğrulama"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "kanıtlama"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"word": "teyit"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "reabilitácija",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "реабіліта́ція"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "výpravdannja",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ви́правдання"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "action of vindicating",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyfiawnhad"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "state of being vindicated",
"word": "epäilyksistä vapautuminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "legal claim for a declaration that one is the owner of a thing or the holder of a right",
"word": "vindikaatio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "legal claim for a declaration that one is the owner of a thing or the holder of a right",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vendication"
}
],
"word": "vindication"
}
Download raw JSONL data for vindication meaning in All languages combined (27.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (e973cf0 and ae80fde). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.